Rotary pump or motor



March f8, 1969 E. A. GRAETZ 3,433,169

ROTARY PUMP OR MOTOR Filed May 22, 19e? sheet of 9 l g maw IUvl l|i III /0 Z m8,. //10 I y 4,4%/ //4 l N v e N-ro z ED wfqzo H. 646W.' 7'2- m Marum.

March 18, 1969 A GRAETZ 3,433,169

ROTARY PUMP OR MOTOR Filed May 22, '1967 sheet 2 of 2 l N V E NIOl Ep wen H. esfrz ATTO ENEYS United States Patent O 3,433,169 ROTARY PUMP OR MOTOR Edward A. Graetz, Pound, Wis. 54161 Filed May 22, 1967, Ser. No. 639,955 U.S. Cl. 103--136 3 Claims Int. Cl. F01c 1/04 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The present invention relates generally to improvements in the eld of hydraulics, and relates more particularly to the provision of an improved hydraulic pump or motor of the rotary sliding vane type wherein the vanes are positively actuated within, the displacement chamber by cam action.

Background of the invention Various types of pumps and motors operable on or by hydraulic fluid have heretofore been proposed. One such machine is commonly referred to as a rotary sliding vane type. In this type of device, the rotor is mounted for rotation within a housing and carries vanes or blades which reciprocate in radial slots formed in the rotor as it revolves. In some cases, it has been common practice to mount the rotor eccentrically within the housing to provide a crescent-shaped displacement chamber within which the vanes or blades operate, and in other instances, the inner wall of the housing along which the reciprocating blades operate is provided with eccentric portions.

While these prior rotary sliding vane hydraulic pumps and/or motors have become quite popular and have accordingly enjoyed varying degrees of commercial acceptance and success, some problems have nevertheless been encountered along with attendant disadvantages. For example, in many instances, the structure has been undesirably complicated and costly. In other instances, the pumps or motors have been bulky and have required a considerable amount of external fittings and piping. In still others, the positive reciprocation of the blades or vanes without undesirable loss of power and excessive wear has presented problems.

Summary f the invention It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved rotary machine of the sliding vane or reciprocating blade type which obviates the aforesaid disadvantages and objections of prior devices of this general type.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved rotary sliding vane hydraulic machine which is exceedingly simple and economical in construction, and which is comprised of relatively few parts, all of which are readily accessible for replacement or repair.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved hydraulic pump or motor of the rotary type wherein a succession of vanes or blades are positively reciprocated to effective follow the contour of the inner wall of the housing with minimum power requirements.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an improved self-contained rotary pump or motor of the sliding or reciprocating vane type which is extremely compact, and which is moreover highly flexible in its adaptations.

An additional object of the present invention is to provide an improved rotary hydraulic machine wherein the housing is formed by a pair of side plates and an intermediate ring which cooperate to form the chamber within which the rotor is mounted, the ring being formed with at least one annular passageway surrounding the chamber 3,433,169 Patented Mar. 18, 1969 ICC The drawings A clear conception of the improvements constituting the present invention and of the mode of operation of a typical hydraulic machine embodying the same may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification wherein like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the several views.

FIGURE 1 is an end view taken from one side of the machine with the adjacent side plate broken away to reveal structural detail;

FIGURE 2 is a section through the improved device taken along the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is an elevational view showing the inside of one of the side plates; and

FIGURE 4 is a perspective view of the ring which cooperates with the side plates to provide the pump housmg.

Detailed description While the improvements constituting the invention have been shown and described herein as being embodied in a typical hydraulic motor of the rotary sliding vane type having a pair of oppositely disposed displacement chambers, it is not intended or desired to thereby unnecessarily limit the scope or utility of the improvements since they may be employed to equal advantage in a hydraulic pump and in a rotary machine having one or more displacement chambers. It is also contemplated that certain specific descriptive terminology used herein shall be given the broadest possible interpretation consistent with the disclosure.

Referring to the drawing, the hydraulic machine shown as embodying the present improvement comprises a housing generally indicated by the numeral 10 and formed by a pair of side plates 12, 14 and an intermediate ring 16. The ring 16 is secured between the side plates 12, 14 as by means of an annular series of bolts 18, and the ring 16 is furthermore shown as being provided with a pair of diametrically opposed inwardly directed protrusions 20, 22. Thus, the side plates 12, 14 and the ring 16 cooperate to provide a substantially cylindrical chamber 24 interrupted by the inwardly directed protrusions 20, 22.

Mounted for rotation within the chamber 24 is a rotor 26 which has a series of annularly spaced outwardly open radial slots 28, 30, 32, 34. Slideably received within each of the slots of the rotor 26 is a vane or blade 36, 38, 40, 42 respectively. As shown, the rotor 26 is mounted concentrically of the chamber 24 as by means of a shaft 44.

Communicating with the chamber on opposite sides of each 4of the inwardly directed protrusions 20, 22 are inlet and outlet ports 46, 48 and 50, 52 respectively.Thus, displacement chambers 54, 56 are formed between rotor 26 and the inner periphery of the ring 16 on opposite sides of the protrusions 20, 22, each of the displacement chambers having a fluid inlet and a uid outlet communicating therewith.

Each of the end or side plates 12, 14 is provided with an inwardly open continuous groove 58, 60 respectively, the grooves 58, 60 being aligned and corresponding substantially with the inner peripheral face of the ring 16. In turn, each of the blades 36, 38, 40, 42 is provided with a pair of oppositely directed lateral projections 62, 64 each preferably carrying an anti-friction bearing 66, 68 and being received within the aligned grooves 58, 60 of the side plates 12, 14. Thus, as the rotor 26 is revolved,

3 the blades 36, 38, 40, 42 are caused to reciprocate within their respective slots by means of the lateral projections 62, 64 operating in the track formed by the aligned grooves 58, 60. In addition, each of the blades or vanes 36, 38, 40, 42 is constantly resiliently urged outwardly of its respective grooves as by means of a pair of compressed coil springs 70, 72, and to provide for pressure equalization on opposite ends of the blades, pressure equalization ports 74, 76 are provided therein to communicate with the opposite ends of the respective blades.

The side walls 12, 14 and ring 16 may be suitably sealed as by means of O-rings 78, 80 contained within annular grooves 82, 84 respectively. The shaft 44 is keyed to the rotor 26 as at 86 and is also provided with a pair of axially spaced O-ring seals 88, 90 or the like contained in annular grooves 92, 94 respectively, suitable lubricant being provided to the area between the sealing rings 88, 90 via passageway 96 in the hub portion of the plate 12. The shaft 44 is preferably also mounted on suitable antifriction bearings 98, 100 respectively, the outer races of which are confined within inwardly open and aligned recesses 102, 104 formed in the respective side plates 12, 14.

In accordance with the present invention, the manifold is formed integral with and las a contained part of the housing formed by the plates 12, 14 and ring 16. As shown, the ring 16 is provided with a pair of annular passageways 106, 108 which surround the displacement chambers 4, 56, and one of these passageways 106 is connected to `and communicates with the high pressure inlet 110 while the other passageway 108 communicates with an outlet 112. The passageway 106 which is supplied with high pressure iiuid for driving the rotor 26 communicates with the displacement chambers 54, 56 respectively through ports 46, 50 and acts upon the extending portions of the successive blades 36, 38, 40, 42 to cause rotation of the rotor 26 in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in FIGURE 1. As each of the successive blades passes the ports 48, 52 and is retracted to pass over the inwardly directed protrusions 20, 22, the pressurized uid is exhausted through the ports 48, 52 and into and through the passageway 108 and outlet 112.

It is thus apparent that the present invention provides a hydraulic machine of the rotary sliding vane or reciprocating blade type which is compact and entirely selfcontained with the manifold being formed entirely within the ring 16 forming a part of the pump housing. Since the high pressure passageway 106 is continuous and communicates with both of the displacement chambers 54, 56, equal pressure is applied to the blades 36, 38, 40, 42 as they successively enter the displacement chambers. Similarly, the continuous annular passageway 108 permits the fluid to be exhausted simultaneously from each of the displacement chambers, and except for the supply and discharge lines, all exterior connections and/or fittings are eliminated. Furthermore, the vanes or blades are each positively reciprocated within their respective rotor slots so as to maintain a close wiping contact with the inner peripheral face of the ring 16 at all times, the blades being positively guided in the cam grooves 58, 60 during rotation of the rotor 26. Obviously, although the device embodying the improvements has been shown and described herein as being in the nature of a hydraulic motor, the improvements can be applied with equal advantage to a hydraulic pump wherein the rotor 26 is driven through the shaft 44 with the blades acting to draw the hydraulic uid into the displacement chamber as they are successively advanced by the rotor.

Varions modes of carrying out the invention are contemplated as being within the scope of the following claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as the invention.

I claim:

1. A hydraulic machine comprising, a housing formed by a pair of said plates and an annular ring secured between said plates to provide a substantially cylindrical Chamber therein, said ring having a pair of annular oppositely directed and laterally open grooves closed by the respective side plates to provide separate fluid passageways, the inner periphery of said ring being provided with at least one pair of diametrically 1opposed and inwardly directed integral protrusions, one of the passageway forming grooves being in direct communication with the chamber through a pair of inlet ports each located adjacent one of said protrusions and the other passageway forming groove being in direct communication with the chamber through a pair of outlet ports each disposed adjacent one of said protrusions remote from the respective inlet ports, a rotor mounted within said chamber and having at least two diametrically opposite outwardly open radial slots therein, a blade slidably received within each of the slots of said rotor, means providing a positive guide for causing said blades to reciprocate within their respective slots and follow the contour of the inner peripherial face of said ring as the rotor is revolved, and spring means coating with each of said blades for constantly resiliently urging the same outwardly within their respective slots.

2. A hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein the side plates are formed with inwardly open and aligned grooves corresponding substantially with the inner periphery of the ring and each blade is provided with oppositely directed lateral projections received within and slidable along the aligned grooves of said side plates to provide the positive guide for causing the blades to reciprocate.

3. A hydraulic machine according to claim 2, wherein a pair of laterally spaced springs are compressed between each of the blades and the bottom of the respective blade receiving slots to provide the spring means for constantly resiliently urging the blades outwardly.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 115,254 5/1871 Tenant.

776,658 12/ 1904 Francisco 103--136 2,099,193 11/ 1937 Brightwell. 2,555,678 6/ 1951 Cornwell. 3,035,554 5/1962 Selzler 103-136 X 3,076,414 2/1963 Adams 103-136 JAMES W. WESTHAVER, Primary Examiner.

U.S. Cl. X.R. 230-152 

